8.2 Benefit-Sharing Mechanisms

Purpose: To outline mechanisms for equitable distribution of benefits to stakeholders, particularly indigenous communities and local populations, in the trade and management of agarwood and other high-value plant products.


A. Definition

  • Benefit-sharing: The process of ensuring that communities, local stakeholders, and other rightful participants receive a fair share of economic, social, and environmental benefits derived from resource use.
  • Supports sustainability, social equity, and compliance with international and national obligations.

B. Types of Benefits

  1. Economic Benefits:
    • Direct payments, revenue sharing, royalties, or profit participation
    • Employment opportunities and income-generating activities
  2. Capacity-Building and Training:
    • Skills development, technical assistance, and knowledge transfer
  3. Social and Infrastructure Support:
    • Community projects, schools, health facilities, or local infrastructure development
  4. Environmental Benefits:
    • Participation in conservation programs, sustainable land management, and stewardship incentives

C. Mechanisms for Implementation

  1. Formal Agreements and Contracts:
    • Clearly define benefit types, distribution schedules, and accountability
  2. Cooperative or Community Trusts:
    • Collective management of benefits by community organizations
  3. Revenue-Sharing Models:
    • Percentage of profits from product sales allocated to communities
  4. In-Kind Contributions:
    • Provision of equipment, seedlings, training, or technical support instead of direct cash
  5. Monitoring and Reporting:
    • Transparent record-keeping, audits, and reporting to stakeholders

D. Practical Recommendations

  • Engage communities in designing benefit-sharing agreements
  • Ensure clarity, transparency, and legal enforceability of mechanisms
  • Integrate benefit-sharing into ICPs, traceability systems, and compliance reporting
  • Periodically review and adapt agreements based on community needs and operational realities

Learning Outputs

  • Understanding of benefit-sharing principles and types of benefits
  • Ability to design and implement equitable mechanisms for local communities
  • Knowledge of monitoring, reporting, and integration with compliance systems
  • Skills to ensure social equity, sustainability, and regulatory alignment in agarwood trade