6.1 Permissioned vs Public Blockchains

Here’s a clear, non-technical explanation of Permissioned vs Public Blockchains, tailored specifically for agarwood traceability, compliance, buyers, and regulators:


Permissioned vs Public Blockchains

Which Is Right for Agarwood Traceability?


1. Simple Definitions

Public Blockchain

A blockchain that anyone can access, view, and verify without approval.

Examples: Ethereum, Polygon, Solana
Used for: Open verification, global trust, public auditability


Permissioned Blockchain

A blockchain where only approved participants can write or view certain data.

Examples: Hyperledger Fabric, Quorum
Used for: Compliance, controlled data sharing, enterprise use


2. Key Differences (Agarwood Context)

AspectPublic BlockchainPermissioned Blockchain
Who Can JoinAnyoneOnly authorized members
Data VisibilityFully public (or hashed summaries)Controlled access
Data PrivacyLimitedStrong (role-based access)
Regulatory ComfortModerateHigh
Cost (Transactions)Can fluctuatePredictable / low
SpeedSlowerFaster
ImmutabilityVery strongStrong
Best ForBuyer verification, proof of authenticityFarm records, compliance data

3. What Should Be Public vs Private in Agarwood

Best Practice: Hybrid Model

🔒 Permissioned (Private) Layer

Used for sensitive operational data:

  • Farmer identities & land records
  • Exact GPS coordinates
  • Detailed inoculation protocols
  • Financial arrangements
  • Internal audit notes

📌 Stored in: GreenLedger™ / AgriFin Ledger™ (permissioned)


🌍 Public (Verification) Layer

Used for buyer & regulator trust:

  • Batch ID & origin claim
  • Harvest date & product type
  • Grade classification
  • Sustainability & carbon summary
  • Permit references (not raw files)

📌 Stored as: hashed proofs on public blockchain


4. How the Hybrid Model Works

Farm & Cooperative Data
   ↓ (Permissioned Blockchain)
GreenLedger™ / AgriFin Ledger™
   ↓ (Hashed Proof / QR Link)
Public Blockchain
   ↓
Buyer / Regulator Verification
  • Buyers scan QR code
  • See public proof of authenticity
  • Sensitive data remains protected
  • Full data accessible only to authorized auditors

5. Buyer & Regulator Perspective

Buyers Want:

  • Proof of authenticity
  • Batch integrity
  • Sustainability claims
  • Audit-ready transparency

Regulators Want:

  • Legal compliance
  • Controlled access
  • Tamper-proof records
  • Clear accountability

👉 Hybrid blockchain satisfies both


6. Why Not Purely Public?

  • Exposes farmer identities
  • Reveals sensitive locations
  • Risks price manipulation
  • Not regulator-friendly in many jurisdictions

7. Why Not Purely Permissioned?

  • Buyers must “trust the system”
  • Limited external verification
  • Less credibility for premium markets

8. Recommended Model for Agarwood

✅ Permissioned Blockchain for Operations
✅ Public Blockchain for Verification Proofs
✅ QR Codes as the bridge


Key Takeaway

“Permissioned blockchains protect farmers and compliance data. Public blockchains build buyer trust. A hybrid system delivers both.”


If you want, I can:

  • Add this as a module slide
  • Convert it into an infographic
  • Align it with CITES & DENR audit language
  • Map it directly to AgriTrace, GreenLedger™, GreenBlocks™ architecture

Just tell me what to do next.