10.2 Harvest Techniques that Preserve Wood Quality

Qualification Level: TESDA NC I – Sustainable Resin Harvesting
Crop Focus: Agarwood (Aquilaria spp.)
Objective: Harvest Agarwood resin while maintaining wood integrity, tree health, and high market value

I. PRINCIPLES

  1. Selective harvesting – Only remove resin-rich portions to maximize yield and preserve tree structure.
  2. Minimize tree stress – Avoid excessive cutting or damage that can compromise future resin cycles.
  3. Maintain resin quality – Harvest methods should prevent contamination, crushing, or degradation of resin.
  4. Safety and efficiency – Use appropriate tools and techniques to protect workers and tree health.

II. HARVEST TIMING

  • Harvest when resin indicators are met: dark heartwood streaks, resin exudation, density, and aroma
  • Avoid harvesting too early (low-quality resin) or too late (risk of pest infestation or resin degradation)
  • Coordinate harvesting with dry or low-rain periods to prevent contamination and wood decay

III. HARVEST TECHNIQUES

TechniqueMethodBenefitsNotes
Selective carving / chiselingCarefully carve resin-rich areas using hand tools (chisels, knives)Preserves remaining heartwood and tree structureWork slowly; avoid cutting healthy tissue
Core sampling / coringExtract cylindrical wood cores containing resinMinimal tree damage; allows multiple harvest cyclesUse sanitized coring tools; record tree ID and location
Sectional loggingRemove large branches or stems with high resin contentMaximizes resin collectionOnly for mature trees; ensure proper replanting or tree replacement
Scraping / shavingRemove surface resin from inoculation sitesNon-destructive; preserves overall wood integrityRepeatable over time; good for small-scale harvests
Mechanical extraction (low-impact)Use specialized hand drills or augers for resin retrievalControlled penetration; reduces overcuttingLimit to trained operators; maintain tool hygiene

IV. PRE-HARVEST PREPARATION

  1. Inspect trees – Identify resin-rich zones
  2. Sanitize tools – Prevent fungal contamination or spread of pests
  3. Clear workspace – Remove debris and maintain stable footing
  4. Mark harvest zones – Ensure selective removal without compromising tree stability
  5. Prepare storage containers – Keep harvested resin separated from soil and moisture

V. POST-HARVEST HANDLING

  • Clean resin – Remove wood chips and debris gently
  • Dry carefully – Air-dry in shade or low-heat environment to prevent loss of fragrance
  • Store properly – Airtight containers or cool, dry storage to maintain quality
  • Record data – Tree ID, harvest date, method, and resin yield

VI. SAFETY & SUSTAINABILITY

  • Wear gloves, eye protection, and non-slip footwear
  • Avoid over-harvesting to allow trees to recover
  • Reapply biofertilizers and organic amendments post-harvest to support regeneration
  • Monitor for pest or pathogen incidence after harvesting

VII. BEST PRACTICES

  1. Limit harvest to resin-rich sections only
  2. Combine manual and low-impact mechanical methods for efficiency and control
  3. Keep harvest cycles documented for each tree to optimize future resin induction
  4. Maintain tree health post-harvest with irrigation, mulching, and biofertilizer application
  5. Train workers in safe, precise, and hygienic harvesting techniques

VIII. TESDA NC I PERFORMANCE STANDARD

Learner must demonstrate ability to:

  • Identify resin-rich areas for selective harvesting
  • Apply manual or low-impact mechanical methods safely
  • Preserve wood quality during and after resin extraction
  • Record harvest data for traceability and sustainability

IX. FARMER-FRIENDLY CHECKLIST

☐ Trees inspected for resin-rich zones
☐ Harvest tools sanitized and ready
☐ Resin harvested selectively without damaging healthy wood
☐ Resin cleaned, dried, and stored properly
☐ Tree health maintained post-harvest
☐ Harvest data recorded (tree ID, method, yield)


Key Takeaway: Using selective, low-impact harvesting techniques preserves tree health and wood integrity, maximizes resin quality, and supports sustainable Agarwood production.