7.1 Resin Maturity Indicators in Agarwood

Resin maturity tells farmers when the resin is ready for harvesting or further processing. It combines color, smell, density, and polymerization level.

1. Key Indicators of Resin Maturity

IndicatorEarly StageMid StageMature StageFarmer Observation
Resin ColorPale yellow / light brownMedium brownDark brown to blackDarker color = more mature resin
Resin AromaFaint, woodyNoticeable sweet-spicyStrong, complex, aromaticAroma intensifies over months
Wood DensitySoft, slightly heavierFirm, moderately heavyVery firm, dense resin zonesHeavier wood → more resin
Resin Streaks / ZonesThin, short streaksWider, deeper streaksThick, continuous resin zonesResin zones expand over time
Chemical CompositionLow sesquiterpenes/chromonesMedium levelsHigh sesquiterpenes/chromonesLab tests confirm maturity if available
Response to TouchSoft, stickyFirm, pliableHard, slightly brittleHardness indicates polymerization

2. Farmer Key Takeaways

  1. Color → first visual clue
    • Dark resin = more mature
  2. Smell → confirm aroma development
    • Faint smell = immature
  3. Density & hardness → structural clue
    • Hard, dense resin = ready for harvest
  4. Resin zone expansion → maturity confirmation
    • Wider, deeper streaks = long-term accumulation
  5. Patience pays off
    • Resin continues to develop for 12 months or more after induction

3. Practical Tips

✔ Monitor resin color, smell, and wood hardness together
✔ Use increment borers or small core sampling to check internal maturity
✔ Avoid harvesting too early → immature resin is less aromatic and lighter
✔ Record observations for each tree or wound site
✔ Combine with 3‑, 6‑, 12‑month benchmarks for planning

Farmer Key Message

Mature resin is dark, aromatic, dense, and well-formed.
Observe color, smell, and wood firmness — let the tree finish its defense before harvesting.”